Ethanol has long been used as a means of extracting oil from plant materials, and is considered a universal solvent in that its molecular structure possesses the ability to dissolve both polar and nonpolar compounds. Since cannabinoids, THC and CBD as well as terpene, are fat soluble, ethanol can extract those target compounds from the raw plant. It is this property that allows for broad spectrum hemp extracts. 

Adding to the versatility of ethanol, its polarity can be adjusted by changing its temperature. That is, the colder the ethanol used, the higher its affinity for fat soluble compounds (nonpolar), thus increasing the efficiency of cannabinoids and terpenes extraction. Conversely, if room temperature or warm ethanol is used, a wider spectrum of terpenes and water soluble compounds can be extracted in conjunction with cannabinoids.

The success of CBD extraction is heavily centered around the correct solvent chosen. 190 proof ethanol is the best selection since it is GRAS (Generally regarded as safe) by the FDA and can extract all forms of cannabinoids and not just CBD. It’s important to use high proof ethanol to prevent excessive damage and oxidation of the target compounds.  Ethanol is also safe and easy to use when compared to other solvents used to extract cannabis.